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| 8:00 a.m. - 11:00 p.m., 13th August 2013 at the Fudan Yanyuan Hotel (复旦燕园宾馆) at Fudan University, 270 Zhengtong Lu, Yangpu District, Shanghai (上海市杨浦区政通路270号). The hotel is opposite to the Eastern Gate of Fudan University, at the intersection of Zhengtong Road (政通) and Guoding Road (国定路). | ||
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(Friday 16 August) Fudan Yanyuan Hotel (复旦燕园宾馆) at Fudan University, 270 Zhengtong Lu, Yangpu District, Shanghai (上海市杨浦区政通路270号): the accommodation for the international delegates |
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(Friday 16 August) Fudan Yanyuan Hotel (复旦燕园宾馆) at Fudan University, 270 Zhengtong Lu, Yangpu District, Shanghai (上海市杨浦区政通路270号) |
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(Tuesday 13 August) Welcome Dinner at the Fudan Yanyuan Hotel (复旦燕园宾馆) at Fudan University, 270 Zhengtong Lu, Yangpu District, Shanghai (上海市杨浦区政通路270号): (from left to right) Eishiro Ito (Iwate Prefectural University, Japan), Eunkyung Chun (Soongsil University, Korea), Li-ling Tseng (National Taiwan University, Taiwan), Congrong Dai (Fudan University, China), Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea) and Kiheon Nam (Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Korea) |
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(Tuesday 13 August) Yingshi-Jiuba" (硬石酒吧), literally "Hard Rock Cafe" (or "Hard Rock Pub"), 315 Zhengtong Lu, Yangpu District, Shanghai (上海市杨浦区政通路315号) |
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(Tuesday 13 August) Yingshi-Jiuba" (硬石酒吧), literally "Hard Rock Cafe" (or "Hard Rock Pub"), 315 Zhengtong Lu, Yangpu District, Shanghai: (from left to right) Eunkyung Chun (Soongsil University, Korea), Kiheon Nam (Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Korea) and Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea) |
| The Opening Ceremony took place at Room 103, East Auxziliary Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University.
Fudan University (simplified Chinese: 复旦大学; traditional Chinese: 復旦大學; pinyin: Fùdàn Dàxué), located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most selective universities in China, and is a member of the C9 League and Universitas 21. Its institutional predecessor was founded in 1905, shortly before the end of China's imperial Qing dynasty. Fudan University is composed of four campuses, including Handan (邯鄲), Fenglin (楓林), Zhangjiang (張江), and Jiangwan (江灣). Fudan was initially known as Fudan College in 1905. The two Chinese characters Fu (復) and Dan (旦), literally meaning "(heavenly light shines) day after day," were chosen by the distinguished educator in modern Chinese history, Father Ma Xiangbo S.J. (马相伯), from the Confucian Classics (《尚书大传·虞夏传》): "Itinerant as the twilight, sun glows and moon luminesces" (日月光華，旦復旦兮). In 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution the college was taken up as the headquarters of the Guangfu Army and closed down for almost one year. The university motto comes from Analects Book 19.6(《論語·子張》): 博學而篤志,切問而近思, which means "to learn extensively and adhere to aspirations, to inquire earnestly and reflect with self application." In 1917, Fudan Public School became a private university named the Private Fudan University (私立復旦大學), and also had a middle school and university-preparatory school. In 1929, Fudan adjusted its departments, expanded to include the Journalism Department, Municipals Department, Law Department and Education Department, totalling 17 departments devoted to Arts, Science, Law and Business. In 1937, Fudan moved with the Kuomintang to the inland city of Beibei, Chongqing, later the temporary capital. On December 25, 1941, the First Meeting of Fifth Conference of the Highest Executive Authority of the National Government of the Republic of China voted to change Fudan University (Chongqing) to a public university with Wu Nanxuan as its president. Fudan University then became National Fudan University (國立復旦大學). Five years later, it moved back to Shanghai. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Fudan lost its "National" appellation and became Fudan University to reflect the fact that all universities under the new socialist state would be public. Fudan was the first university to be adjusted by the new government in 1952 and modelled on Soviet education. The original departments were changed, and Arts and Science departments from at least ten other universities in eastern China were added. This not only added to basic academic offerings of Fudan, but also gathered many talented academics from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Shanghai, including Su Buqing, Chen Jiangong, Tan Jiazhen, and Lu Hefu. In the 1970s, after the Cultural Revolution, the university was changed to a modern, comprehensive-style university. Fudan University and Shanghai Medical University were merged on April 27, 2000. (Referred to the site of "Wikipedia") |
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(Wednesday 14 August) East Auxziliary Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University (main venue) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) The Schedule of the 2013 Shanghai James Joyce International Symposium |
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(Wednesday 14 August) The Opening Ceremony at Room 103, East Auxziliary Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University |
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(Wednesday 14 August) The Opening Address by Congrong Dai (Deputy Dean of the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Fudan University, China). She is known worldwide as the first translator of Finnegans Wake into Chinese (Book One, 2013). |
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(Wednesday 14 August) Weisong Wang (Chief Editor of Shanghai Publishing House) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) Austin Gormley (Consul General of Ireland) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) Yinchi Chen (Dean of the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Fudan University) |
| Photo Taking in front of the main venue, East Auxziliary Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University | ||
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(Wednesday 14 August) Photo Taking On the flight of steps right before the east portal of Guanghua Building, Fudan University |
| 1st and 2nd Plenary Speeches in the morning session at Room 103, East Auxziliary Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University. | ||
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(Wednesday 14 August) 9:20-10:20: 1st Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jiande Lu (right) Special Speaker: Richard Brown (left): "Joyce's Styles of English Literature" |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 9:20-10:20: 1st Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jiande Lu Special Speaker: Richard Brown (speaking): "Joyce's Styles of English Literature" |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 9:20-10:20: 1st Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jiande Lu (right) Speaker: Eishiro Ito (left): "China and Japan through Joyce's 'Cracked Lookingglass'" Commentator: Naiquio Yang (middle) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 9:20-10:20: 1st Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jiande Lu (right) Speaker: Eishiro Ito (left): "China and Japan through Joyce's 'Cracked Lookingglass'" Commentator: Naiquio Yang (middle) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 10:30-12:00: 2nd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Richard Brown (right) Special Speaker: Anne Fogarty (left): "'Somewhere in the East': Joyce, James Clarence Mangan and Irish Orientalism" |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 10:30-12:00: 2nd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Richard Brown (right) Special Speaker: Anne Fogarty (left): "'Somewhere in the East': Joyce, James Clarence Mangan and Irish Orientalism" |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 10:30-12:00: 2nd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Richard Brown (middle) Speaker: Eunkyung Chun (left): "'Anna Livia Plurabelle and Finnegans Wake: A Life-Force and a Textual Force" Commentator: Jiande Lu (right) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 10:30-12:00: 2nd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Richard Brown Speaker: Eunkyung Chun (speaking): "'Anna Livia Plurabelle and Finnegans Wake: A Life-Force and a Textual Force" |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 10:30-12:00: 2nd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Richard Brown Speaker: Jian Sun (speaking): "Ibsen and Joyce: Some Thoughts on Rosmersholm and Exiles" Commentator: Hongtu Wang |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 10:30-12:00: 2nd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Richard Brown (middle) Speaker: Jian Sun (left): "Ibsen and Joyce: Some Thoughts on Rosmersholm and Exiles" Commentator: Hongtu Wang (right) |
| 3rd and 4th Plenary Speeches at Room 1001, West Main Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University. | ||
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(Wednesday 14 August) 14:00-15:30: 3rd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jian Sun (right) Special Speaker: Sean Latham (left): "Gaming Finnegans Wake: James Joyce and Video Games" |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 14:00-15:30: 3rd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jian Sun (right) Speaker: Weiping Li (left): "Joyce's Legacy to Chinese Scholars" Commentator: Hongtu Wang |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 14:00-15:30: 3rd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jian Sun (right) Speaker: Weiping Li (left): "Joyce's Legacy to Chinese Scholars" Commentator: Hongtu Wang |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 14:00-15:30: 3rd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jian Sun (right) Speaker: Weiping Li: "Joyce's Legacy to Chinese Scholars" Commentator: Hongtu Wang (left, speaking) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 14:00-15:30: 3rd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jian Sun (right) Speaker: Li-ling Tseng (middle): "The Chinese Paratextual Counterpart to Finnegans Wake" Commentator: Jiande Lu (left) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 14:00-15:30: 3rd Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Jian Sun Speaker: Li-ling Tseng (speaking): "The Chinese Paratextual Counterpart to Finnegans Wake" Commentator: Jiande Lu |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 15:40-17:10: 4th Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Anne Fogarty (right) Speaker: Chel-soo Kim (left): "'The Boarding House' and Good Human Nature Principle" Commentator: Guoqiang Qiao |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 15:40-17:10: 4th Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Anne Fogarty (right 2) Speaker: Chel-soo Kim (middle): "'The Boarding House' and Good Human Nature Principle" Commentator: Guoqiang Qiao (left) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 15:40-17:10: 4th Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Anne Fogarty (right 2) Speaker: Kiheon Nam (middle): "'nat language': Joyce, Language, and Irish Nationalism" Commentator: Naiqiao Yang (left) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 15:40-17:10: 4th Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Anne Fogarty (right) Speaker: Kiheon Nam (left): "'nat language': Joyce, Language, and Irish Nationalism" Commentator: Naiqiao Yang |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 15:40-17:10: 4th Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Anne Fogarty (right 2) Speaker: Congrong Dai (middle): "James Joyce and Yogi Philosophy" Commentator: Guoqiang Qiao (left) |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 15:40-17:10: 4th Plenary Speech:
Moderator: Anne Fogarty Speaker: Congrong Dai (speaking): "James Joyce and Yogi Philosophy" Commentator: Guoqiang Qiao |
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(Wednesday 14 August) A scene of the 2013 Shanghai James Joyce International Symposium |
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(Wednesday 14 August) A scene of the 2013 Shanghai James Joyce International Symposium |
| 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University | ||
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(Wednesday 14 August) 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University |
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(Wednesday 14 August) 17:30-20:00 Dinner at Fuxuan Hotel, Fudan University |
| Finnegans Wake Panel at Room 1001, West Main Building, Guanghua Tower, Fudan University:
Moderator: Congrong Dai Dino Raymond Hansen: The Wake Book (video) To Read Finnegans Wake |
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(Wednesday 14 August) Finnegans Wake Panel at Room 1001 |
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(Wednesday 14 August) Finnegans Wake Panel at Room 1001: Congrong Dai (Fudan University, China), Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea), etc. |
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(Wednesday 14 August) Finnegans Wake Panel at Room 100: Congrong Dai (Fudan University, China) |
| 7:30-14:00 Sightseeing at Zhujiajiao
Zhujiajiao (朱家角; literally "Zhu Family Corner") is an ancient town located in the Qingpu District of Shanghai. The population of Zhujiajiao is 60,000. Zhujiajiao is a water town on the outskirts of Shanghai, and was established about 1,700 years ago. Archaeological findings dating back 5,000 years have also been found. 36 stone bridges and numerous rivers line Zhujiajiao, and many ancient buildings still line the riverbanks today. The village prospered through clothing and rice businesses. Today, old historical buildings such as rice shops, banks, spice stores and even a Qing dynasty post office can still be found. Zhujiajiao has many sites of historic interest, such as Fangsheng Bridge, Kezhi Garden and the Yuanjin Buddhist Temple. However, recent overdevelopment threatens the village's authenticity - most notably the current (2012) conversion of its people's square into shops and the large-scale shopping and entertainment complexes being constructed in and around the Old Town. (Referred to the site of "Wikipedia") |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Apo-charou (阿婆茶楼; Grandma's Tea House), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Apo-charou (阿婆茶楼; Grandma's Tea House), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea) (left) and Qin Xu (Fudan University, China) (right) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Apo-charou (阿婆茶楼; Grandma's Tea House), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: our breakfast |
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(Thursday 15 August) Yuanjin Buddhist Temple (圆津禅院), 187 Chaohe Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai. A view from Apo-charou (阿婆茶楼; Grandma's Tea House).
Yuanjin Buddhist Temple locates at the cross river of Caogang River and Pearl Stream, where is a place with beautiful landscape in Zhujiajiao, Shanghai. The temple was first built during the power of Zhizheng in Yuan Dynasty (AD 1341-1368), which is more than 600 years ago. The temple was initially built to enshrining a statue of Holy Mother of Chenzhou, therefore, it is also named the Empress' Temple. Yuanjin Buddhist Temple had been restored during Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and extended in the Qing Dynasty. Many abbots of the temple were good at poetry and painting, and there used to hold intoning gathering attracting men of letters nationwide. Although Yuanjin Buddhist Temple is smart in structure and small in number of buddhist’s figures, all sculptures enshrined are made from exquisite craft with sparkling colors, demonstrating the seriousness of holiness. (Referred to the site of "ShanghaiFocus.com") |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Teahouse Gaoya-tang (高雅堂), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Teahouse Gaoya-tang (高雅堂), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: (from left to right) Qin Xu (Fudan University, China), Li-ling Tseng (National Taiwan University, Taiwan), Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea), Kiheon Nam (Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Korea), Eunkyung Chun (Soongsil University, Korea) and Eishiro Ito (Iwate Prefectural University, Japan) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Teahouse Gaoya-tang (高雅堂), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: (from left to right) Eunkyung Chun (Soongsil University, Korea), Kiheon Nam (Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Korea), Li-ling Tseng (National Taiwan University, Taiwan), Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea) and Eishiro Ito (Iwate Prefectural University, Japan) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Teahouse Gaoya-tang (高雅堂), Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: Lu-Dou-Tang (绿豆汤) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: (from left to right) Qin Xu (Fudan University, China), Li-ling Tseng (National Taiwan University, Taiwan) and Eunkyung Chun (Soongsil University, Korea) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: (from left to right) Eunkyung Chun (Soongsil University, Korea), Kiheon Nam (Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Korea), Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea), Eishiro Ito (Iwate Prefectural University, Japan) and Richard Brown (University of Leeds, UK) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: Eishiro Ito (Iwate Prefectural University, Japan) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: Cheol-soo Kim (Jeonju University, Korea) (left), the twin and Li-ling Tseng (National Taiwan University, Taiwan) (right) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: our boatman |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: a boatman |
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(Thursday 15 August) Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: a boatman |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai (上海市青浦区朱家角镇西井街119号).
The owner, Ma family (马家), spent 300,000 taels of silver and 15 years in building the garden which completed in 1912. The architecture in the garden is a combination of the Chinese traditional and the Western styles, rarely found in the country. The garden is divided into 2 parts: the Ke Garden (课园) and the Zhi Garden ((植园)). “Ke” (课) in Chinese means “study” and “Zhi” (植) means “farming,” implying that people should study and farm to keep the house. (Referred to the site of "Zhujiajiao Tourism & Tourism Authority of Qingpu") |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai: Kiheon Nam (Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Korea) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kezhi Garden (课植园), 119 Xijing Street, Zhujiajiao, Qingpu, Shanghai |
| Kuaile Fandian (快乐饭店; Happy Restaurant) is located at 6666 Huqingping Hwy Qingpu, Shanghai. | ||
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(Thursday 15 August) Kuaile Fandian (快乐饭店; Happy Restaurant), 6666 Huqingping Hwy Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kuaile Fandian (快乐饭店; Happy Restaurant), 6666 Huqingping Hwy Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kuaile Fandian (快乐饭店; Happy Restaurant), 6666 Huqingping Hwy Qingpu, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Kuaile Fandian (快乐饭店; Happy Restaurant), 6666 Huqingping Hwy Qingpu, Shanghai |
| The Shanghai Book Fair (上海书展) 2013 or The 10th Shanghai Book Fair was held at Shanghai Exhibition Centre (上海展覧中心), 1000 Yan'an Middle Rd, Jing'an, Shanghai (上海市静安区延安中路1000号) from 14 to 20 August 2013. | ||
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake (from left to right) Jiande Lu, Anne Fogarty, Sean Latham, RIchard Brown and Congrong Dai |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake Congrong Dai (Fudan University, China) |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake (from left to right) Jiande Lu and Anne Fogarty |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake (from left to right) Richard Brown and Congrong Dai |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
CROSS EAST AND WEST: International Dialogue on Finnegans Wake (from left to right) Jiande Lu, Anne Fogarty, Sean Latham, RIchard Brown and Congrong Dai |
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(Thursday 15 August) The Shanghai Book Fair 2013, Shanghai Exhibition Centre:
Two of the supporting staff (twins) and Qin Xu (Fudan University, China) (middle) |
| Jingan-dian branch of Meiyuan-cun (梅園村静安店), a Chinese restaurant, is located in the opposite side of Yan'an Middle Rd Jing'an, Shanghai (上海市静安区延安中路841号). | ||
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(Thursday 15 August) Jingan-dian branch of Meiyuan-cun, 841 Yan'an Middle Rd, Jing'an, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Jingan-dian branch of Meiyuan-cun, 841 Yan'an Middle Rd, Jing'an, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Jingan-dian branch of Meiyuan-cun, 841 Yan'an Middle Rd, Jing'an, Shanghai |
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(Thursday 15 August) Jingan-dian branch of Meiyuan-cun, 841 Yan'an Middle Rd, Jing'an, Shanghai |
| Waitan (外滩; The Bund) is a waterfront area in central Shanghai. The area centres on a section of Zhongshan Road (East-1 Zhongshan Road) within the former Shanghai International Settlement, which runs along the western bank of the Huangpu River, facing Pudong, in the eastern part of Huangpu District. The Bund usually refers to the buildings and wharves on this section of the road, as well as some adjacent areas. It is one of the most famous tourist destinations in Shanghai. Building heights are restricted in this area.
The word "bund" means an embankment or an embanked quay. The word comes from the Persian word band, through Hindustani, meaning an embankment, levee or dam (a cognate of English terms "bind," "bond" and "band," and the German word "Bund," etc.). It is thus named after the bunds/levees in Baghdad along the Tigris, when the Baghdadi Jews such as the prominent Sassoon family settled their business in Shanghai in the 19th century and built heavily on the bund on the Huangpo. In these Chinese port cities, the English term came to mean, especially, the embanked quay along the shore. In English, "Bund" is pronounced to rhyme with "fund." There are numerous sites in India, China, and Japan which are called "bunds" (e.g. the Yokohama Bund). However, "The Bund," without qualification as to location, usually refers to this stretch of embanked riverfront in Shanghai. The Chinese name for the Bund is unrelated in meaning: it means literally the "outer bank," referring to the Huangpu River, because this part of the riverfront was located further downstream than the "inner bank" area adjacent to the old walled city of Shanghai. The Shanghai Bund has dozens of historical buildings, lining the Huangpu River, that once housed numerous banks and trading houses from the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Italy, Russia, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and Belgium, as well as the consulates of Russia and Britain, a newspaper, the Shanghai Club and the Masonic Club. The Bund lies north of the old, walled city of Shanghai. It was initially a British settlement; later the British and American settlements were combined in the International Settlement. Magnificent commercial buildings in the Beaux Arts style sprung up in the years around the turn of the 20th century as the Bund developed into a major financial center of East Asia. Directly to the south, and just northeast of the old walled city, the former French Bund (the quai de France, part of the Shanghai French Concession) was of comparable size to the Bund but functioned more as a working harbourside. By the 1940s the Bund housed the headquarters of many, if not most, of the major financial institutions operating in China, including the "big four" national banks in the Republic of China era. However, with the Communist victory in the Chinese civil war, many of the financial institutions were moved out gradually in the 1950s, and the hotels and clubs closed or converted to other uses. The statues of colonial figures and foreign worthies which had dotted the riverside were also removed. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, with the thawing of economic policy in the People's Republic of China, buildings on the Bund were gradually returned to their former uses. Government institutions were moved out in favour of financial institutions, while hotels resumed trading as such. Also during this period, a series of floods caused by typhoons motivated the municipal government to construct a tall levee along the riverfront, with the result that the embankment now stands some 10 metres higher than street level. The Bunds revitalization began in 1986 with a new promenade by the Dutch Architect Paulus Snoeren and has dramatically changed the streetscape of the Bund. In the 1990s, Zhongshan Road (named after Sun Yat-sen), the road on which the Bund is centred, was widened to ten lanes. As a result, most of the parkland which had existed along the road disappeared. Also in this period, the ferry wharves connecting the Bund and Pudong, which had served the area's original purpose, were removed. A number of pleasure cruises still operate from some nearby wharves. In the 1990s the Shanghai government attempted to promote an extended concept of the Bund to boost tourism, and land value in nearby areas, as well as to reconcile the promotion of "colonial relics" with the Socialist ideology. In its expanded form, the term "Bund" (as "New Bund" or "Northern Bund") was used to refer to areas south of the Yan'an Road, and a stretch of riverfront north of the Suzhou River (Zhabei). Such use of the term, however, remains rare outside of tourism literature. From 2008, a major reconfiguration of traffic flow along the Bund was carried out. The first stage of the plan involved the southern end of the Bund, and saw the demolition of a section of the Yan'an Road elevated expressway, including removal of the large elevated expressway exit structure that formerly dominated the confluence of Yan'an Road and the Bund. A second phase involved the year-long restoration of the century-old Waibaidu Bridge at the northern end of the Bund. In a third stage, the former 10-lane Bund roadway was reconstructed in two levels, with six lanes carried in a new tunnel. The vacated road space was used to widen the landscaped promenade along the waterfront. The new concrete bridge that was built in 1991 to relieve traffic on Waibaidu Bridge was rendered obsolete by the new double-levelled roadway, and demolished. The Bund was re-opened to the public on Sunday 28 March 2010 after restoration. (Referred to the site of "Wikipedia") |
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(Thursday 15 August) Waitan (外滩; The Bund): Shanghai Oriental Pearl TV Tower (东方明珠广播电视塔) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Waitan (外滩; The Bund): the People's Heroes Memorial (上海人民英雄记念塔) and Shanghai Oriental Pearl TV Tower (东方明珠广播电视塔) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Waitan (外滩; The Bund) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Waitan (外滩; The Bund): the Customs House |
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(Thursday 15 August) Waitan (外滩; The Bund): The Waibaidu Bridge (外白渡桥; the Garden Bridge in English (1908) |
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(Thursday 15 August) Eishiro Ito (Iwate Prefectural University, Japan) (left) and Qin Xu (Fudan University, China) (right) at the Fudan Yanyuan Hotel (复旦燕园宾馆) at Fudan University, 270 Zhengtong Road (政通). |
