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[U 08] The Grand Lodge of Ireland, Molesworth Street Custom House, Custom House Quai [U 16.0168 & 1651] "Brazen Head," Winetavern St. Robert Emmet, Thomas St. West St. James's Gate of Guinness, Crane St. [U 10.0721, 0725, 0731 & 0749] The Malt House ("Crimmins"), James St. [FW] "The House by the Churchyard," Martins Row [FW] Mullingar House, Chapelizod Road Chasing Mr James Duffy of "The Painful Case" [U] 52 Clanbrassil Street: The fictional birthplace of Leopold Bloom Gaiety Theatre, South King Street |
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Dublin is the capital city of Ireland where James Joyce was born and grew up; he lived there from 1882 to 1904. The Irish dubh linn means "black pool" (which reminds you of "Guinness beer"); the Gaelic name of the city is Baile Atha Cliata, literally means "Town of the Ford of Hurdles." The early history is mainly legendary. It is recorded that the inhabitants of Leinster were defeated by the people of Dublin. Christianity was introduced by St. Patrick about 450. Dublin was refounded as a trading post by Viking invaders in 841. The Scandinavian element in Dublin's history provided Joyce with material he used in Finnegans Wake, a work whose title itself resonates with Nordic overtones.
The city of Dublin plays a prominent role in the writings of Joyce and provides the setting and central geographical motif for most of his work. In a letter to his London publisher, Grant Richards, dated 15 October 1905, Joyce explained the significance Dublin had for him and its importance in his stories: "I do not think that any writer has yet presented Dublin to the world. It has been a capital of Europe for thousands of years, it is supposed to be the second city of the British Empire and it is nearly three times as big as Venice.* Moreover,... the expression 'Dubliner' seems to me to have some meaning and I doubt whether the same can be said for such words as 'Londoner' and 'Parisian' both of which have been used by writers as titles" (Letters, II, 122).
Joyce, who wrote most vividly of Dublin after he had left it, used virtually all of it in his work. His depiction of Dublin's citizens, street, neighborhoods, shops, public houses, churches, parks, culture, politics and history is unsurpassed in Irish literature. Throughout his life, Joyce's affection for Dublin never dwindled, and he often fondly referred to it as "dear dirty Dublin."
*According to the census in Britannica 11th ed.(1911), the population of Dublin was 290,638 (1901), Venice was 169, 563 (1881). Dublin was not the second city of the British Empire in Joyce's time: the population of Greater London was 6,581,402 (1901), Liverpool 684,958 (1901) [753,203 (1908 estimated)], Manchester 606,824 (1901), Birmingham 522,204 (1901) and Edinburgh 316,479 (1901). So I presume that Dublin was actually the sixth city of the Empire.
Cf. also James Joyce A to Z.
*If you like to take a Ulysses tour in Dublin, I recommend you to consult Robert Nicholson's The "Ulysses" Guide: Tours Through Joyce's Dublin (Dublin: New Island, 1988/2002).